Teleportation Essay -- Science

TeleportationImagine a human beings without traffic jams where there would be no worries about travel schedules and above each no public appraisals from the chief for coming late to work Time would finally be stricken off the banal list of worries. This impossible to hit pitch however, lies in a plane where platitude is not well taken. This plane is one where advanced physics and quantum mechanics form frightening webs of reason for everything that happens in that other world - where we live. At other times the alien-like scientists that inhabit these planes have abducted us to conduct all kinds of meaningless experiments on us. However, this time its different they have, arguably, after a retentive gap given us, the outsiders, well-nighthing to marvel at teleportation. Teleportation is Star Trek demystified. It is the phenomenon where a physical body disintegrates and then comes together at another preplanned position. That position, as we whitethorn already start to dream, co uld be a cubicle in an office, a classroom or perhaps even someones bedroom leaving the other two alone, the third one could become a problem of gigantic proportions. I mean, how would you like if a stranger appears in your bedroom when you be looking your worst, wearing that ghastly gown, and trying to entertain yourself by looking at that old wig that you wear to work everyday? If you could take some time off being embarrassed, you would probably notice that this person could also be trying to get away with that rare piece of china that you really got from China And going back to China doesnt sound like a good idea does it? That however, is also an aspect of our little miracle from the other world. every last(predicate) synthetic phenomena have various aspects that may only be understood by a better understanding of the phenomenon itself. Here as the research journals of I.B.M. rate us teleportation is the name given by science fiction writers to the feat of making an object or person disintegrate in one erupt while a perfect replica appears somewhere else. Dr. Samuel L. Braunstein of University of New Mexico gives us something simpler teleportation is some kind of disembodied transport. The actual process of this transport is not behind to understand for a person from our world. And that is precisely why I must make a fool of myself trying to make you understand it. After all I get my support... ...ll not care to explain. I am not 21 yet and know nothing about drinking so regular recurrence it This regulation must include provisions for making excuses of traffic when one wants to and also that no good looking blonde will ever be allowed to teleport. Apart from these we can trust the federal government to come up with the most irrelevant and archaic law they can. The laws would be made and the souls would be teleported and the overturn will arise, but only after our little hypothesis comes true in our lifetimes. And even if it does, they would fa x all the Hollywood stars, the Democrats and the billionaires before our turn comes. not to mention how much itd cost. In fact, let us spare a moment to calculate how much this whole human faxing will spite the old glass jar. For this we must consider two important possibilities. One, that it will most certainly be patented. And two, whoever cares to patent this technology, which without any exaggeration can be described as the goose that lays golden eggs, would not sell it for peanuts. So there go the dreams. Even if teleportation happens tomorrow, you are not going on that point is however a small ray of hope Jack had stolen the golden goose

Frankenstein, Community, and the Individual Essay -- Literary Analysis

Many innovations throughout the modern world have made life significantly easier, safer, of higher quality, and are express to be done for the greater good of sympatheticity. However, these accomplishments come at a cost, as expressed through the concepts of creation and responsibility that lie at the core of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. It is through these concepts that Shelley explores how federation has changed during Romanticism and the Industrial Revolution, with lessening importance on shared knowledge and the public sphere and more accent mark on individual achievement and identity, leading to a fractured and isolated society. In this paper I argue that Mary Shelleys Frankenstein criticizes the impacts of Industrial Revolution and Romantic era-inspired laissez faire on the community and individual, using Victor Frankensteins disruption of the reproductive process and subsequent relationship with his creation as examples of potential negative consequences.To begin our analy sis, I will look to how Mary Shelley positions Victor Frankensteins motivations to create life against natural laws within the ideas of individualism, as Victor can correlate directly to the educated human at the center of Enlightenment, Industrialism, and Romanticism values. With the burgeoning interest in scientific discovery during the Industrial Revolution transforming British culture and changing the world(Lipking 2065), umpteen concepts of society were also changed, which Shelley looked to explore through Victors actions. Rooted in the scientifically curious spirit of Industrial England, Victors attempt to create life can show many examples of how an importance of the individual acquisition of knowledge and accomplishment can disrupt society. Victors... ...athetic Community In Frankenstein And The Structure Of Torture. Science Fiction Studies 36.2 108 (2009) 205-216. MLA International Bibliography. Web. 9 whitethorn 2012Hogsette, David S. Metaphysical Intersections In Franke nstein Mary Shelleys Theistic Investigation Of Scientific Materialism And Transgressive Autonomy. Christianity And Literature 60.4 (2011) 531-560. MLA International Bibliography. Web. 9 May 2012.Lipking, Lawrence I, Stephen Greenblatt, and M H. Abrams. The Norton Anthology of English Literature brashness 1c. New York W.W. Norton & Co, 2006. Print.Melton, James V. H. The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe. Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press, 2001. Print.Stillinger, Jack, Deidre Lynch, Stephen Greenblatt, and M H. Abrams. The Norton Anthology of English Literature Volume D. New York, N.Y W.W. Norton & Co, 2006. Print..

The Iliad of Homer Essay -- essays research papers

The Iliad is the quintessential epic. It is full with gods, goddesses, heroes, contend, honor, glory, and the like. However, for just short while near the very conclusion Homer avoids all of those epic qualities. The banquet photo in Book XXIV is the most touching, the most human scene in the entire poem . In the midst of the dreadful gulf of war and anger there occurs an intimate moment between deuce men who ironically have much in common below the surface. Priam, old and fragile, makes his elan to the camp of the enemys grea tribulation warrior late at night. He bears what little treasures have not been exhausted by the ten-year conflict and plans to plead for the rightful(prenominal) light of his sons body. This is his final heroic endeavor. And perhaps, because he has just lost someone so dear to him, he is willing to take the try despite his fear. What is interesting is that when he does arrive at the camp of Achilles, his fear suddenly subsides and the old man makes strai ght for the dwelling where Achilles beloved of Zeus was sitting. A decisive moment has arrived for both men. When Priam enters, Achilles knows that he mustiness accept his hold death with open arms while Priam is forced to sit at the knees of Achilles and kiss the hands that have killed his beloved Hektor. Homer seems to stop the action for a moment to let us feel the intensity of this extraordinary encounter. Priam urges Achilles to think of his own father and then pity Priam in his outrageous position, a king "who must put my lips to the hands of the man who has killed my children." Achilles immediately accepts Priams appeal and the two weep for their sons, fathers, and friends. This sharing of common grief becomes a bridge back to human sympathy. In an amazing speech Achilles soothes Priams sorrow by painting a picture of their common misfortune and the inevitable limits of mortality. He reminds Priam that there is not anything to be gained from grief for his son. You will never bring him back, he says, sooner you must go through except another sorrow.Though Achilles has matured dramatically since the beginning of the Iliad the complexities of his character dont disappear instantly. Priam asks not to be seated so he can more quickly attend to the return of Hektor. Suddenly Achilles anger flashes out. Though his insight and human compassion have developed greatly he is still obstinate an... ...an lot he portrays is grim, his actions show a human decency that somehow softens our sense of what it means to be humanNOTE Observe how the diagram structure of the Iliad completes itself. In the first book, a father (Chryses) comes to Agamemnon to plead for the return of his child but is refused. In the last book, a father (Priam) also pleads to Achilles for the return of a child this time pity is shown. Though this symmetry is surely there, Homer is an artist who permits complexities and contradictions. As you begin to sum up your feelings about the Il iad, test all the threads. The question is not simply is Achilles right or wrong, or are the Trojans or Argives the real heroes. Homer values both cultures. He sees center in the heroic code but he also sees its shortcomings. In that same way, he pictures the horrible sufferings of a world at war and yet shows us the human dignity that can shine through. In the beginning Apollo says that mortals maneuver through Destiny with "the heart of endurance." That is where the Iliad begins and ends. It is ironic that Achilles is young and strong and in his prime while Priam is way past his and yet Achilles is nearer to death.

Religion and Reference: Reference Service Problems Essay example -- E

Religion and Reference Reference Service ProblemsAbstract The topic of religion can lead to librarian/patron confrontation at the reference desk. This problem can result equally from the over-zealousness of the religious librarian or the disdain of the anti-religious librarian. Most of the discussion on this topic revolves, either explicitly or implicitly, around the ALAs program library Bill of Rights and Code of Ethics. This article looks at these documents as they pertain to reference service. Then it surveys the discussion about this cut back from both secular and religious sources, dividing those sources into categories of those that agree in principle with the ALA and those that disagree with the ALA in principle.IntroductionIf you want to be popular at dinner parties never discuss politics or religion. The problem with the theory is that politics and religion are the two major methods of socialization. Therefore, people can be expected to make believe strong opinions on these topics. Since society is not heterogeneous with respect to either of the two, interaction problems can occur. In the library one major area of betrothal that can occur is at the reference desk. In this case the problem can result from the feelings of the librarian, the patron, or both. This paper will concentrate on the problems that draw near from religious opinions.American Library AssociationThe American Library Association has shown a deep concern for the rights of patrons and the relationship between patrons and librarians in the creation of its Library Bill of Rights and Code of Ethics. This paper will review both documents with respect to their impact on reference librarian professional ethics. All materials discussed in ... ...c library practice(pp. 185-191). Portland, OR Portland University Press.Smith, G. A. (2000). A philosophy of Christian librarianship. The Christian Librarian,43 (2), 46-51, 58-59.Smith, G. A. (2002a). Afterword The fut ure of Christian librarianship. In G. A. Smith (Ed.), Christian librarianship Essays on the integration of religion and profession(pp. 201-204). Jefferson, NC McFarland.Smith, G. A. (2002b). The core virtue of Christian librarianship. The ChristianLibrarian, 45 (2), 46-51.United Nations General Assembly. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights.Retrieved May 16, 2004, from http//www.un.org/Overview/rights.html.Wengert, R. G. (2001). Some ethical aspects of world an informational professional.Library Trends, 49, 486-509. Retrieved May 2, 2004, from the Library Literature(via Wilson Web) database.

Love and Happiness in Elephants by Sarah Gruen and The Book of Negroes

Happiness is essential for one to be sane. Love leads to happiness and this is shown in the novels Water for Elephants by Sarah Gruen and The book of Negroes by Lawrence Hill. Characters in both novels study to find happiness through shaft, but it ultimately leads to despair because of the death or loss of a loved one. Happiness is fulfilled through the ca-ca of love. To begin with, Jacob has respect and love for his parents that have been there every step of his life. The Dean of the University calls Jacob into his office and Jacob fears Dear Lord- if I get expelled now, my father will efface me. (Gruen 6) Jacob fears that if he gets expelled from the university, that his father had put much hard work to bring Jacob there, then his father will be dissatisfied with him. Jacobs fear of set back his family is a symbol that he loves his family tremendously. This also represents that his happiness is a link to the happiness of his parents and that their disappointment of him is a lso a disappointment of himself. Secondly, Marlene loves her husband August greatly, so bringing her happiness. Jacob asks Marlene how is August like and Marlene replies Hes capable of being the most charming man on earth. (95) Marlenes family, who are Roman Catholic, has banished her because she marries August, who is Jewish. To Marlene, the love of her family is crucial to her, but now that they create a hole of anguish inside of her, therefore she fills this hole by loving and greatly admiring August. Like the Book of Negroes, Happiness comes through the form of love and this perfectly exemplified in the how Jacob loves his parents because he fears them and Marlene loves August afterward her family exiles her. Afterward, Aminata falls in love with C... ...annot meet his beloved, Aminata falls into a trance of depression. Finally, Aminatas outmatch sells her darling child. Aminata tells her master to bring her child back and he replies Too late. Hes sold. Only got me five pou ndshell grow and his new master a fine profit one day. (184) After, Chekura visits become scarce Aminata relies on her child for the meager happiness she can get. However, this changes after her master steals and sells her child, and this is like him stealing Aminata happiness and selling it away.Though happiness is vital to life and it comes in the form of love, it does not always mean that stroke will not follow it. This is shown when Jacob loves his parents, but his parents die, Marlene loves August, but he hits her. Also when Aminata falls in love with Chekura, but they are separated and when Aminatas master sells Aminatas child.

Love and Happiness in Elephants by Sarah Gruen and The Book of Negroes

Happiness is essential for one to be sane. Love leads to happiness and this is shown in the novels peeing for Elephants by Sarah Gruen and The Book of Negroes by Lawrence Hill. Characters in both novels try to find happiness through love, but it ultimately leads to despair because of the death or prejudice of a loved one. Happiness is fulfilled through the form of love. To begin with, Jacob has respect and love for his parents that have been there every step of his animateness. The Dean of the University calls Jacob into his delegacy and Jacob fears Dear Lord- if I get expelled now, my aim will kill me. (Gruen 6) Jacob fears that if he gets expelled from the university, that his father had put much hard work to bring Jacob there, then his father will be dissatisfied with him. Jacobs fear of dishearten his family is a symbol that he loves his family tremendously. This also represents that his happiness is a link to the happiness of his parents and that their dashing hopes of hi m is also a disappointment of himself. Secondly, Marlene loves her husband August greatly, thus bringing her happiness. Jacob asks Marlene how is August like and Marlene replies Hes capable of being the most attract man on earth. (95) Marlenes family, who are Roman Catholic, has banished her because she marries August, who is Jewish. To Marlene, the love of her family is crucial to her, but now that they create a hole of anguish inside of her, so she fills this hole by loving and greatly admiring August. Like the Book of Negroes, Happiness comes through the form of love and this perfectly exemplified in the how Jacob loves his parents because he fears them and Marlene loves August later on her family exiles her. Afterward, Aminata falls in love with C... ...annot meet his beloved, Aminata falls into a trance of depression. Finally, Aminatas master sells her darling child. Aminata tells her master to bring her child back and he replies Too late. Hes sold. Only got me five pounds hell grow and his new master a fine profit one day. (184) After, Chekura visits become infrequent Aminata relies on her child for the meager happiness she can get. However, this changes after her master steals and sells her child, and this is like him stealing Aminata happiness and selling it away.Though happiness is vital to life and it comes in the form of love, it does not always mean that misery will not follow it. This is shown when Jacob loves his parents, but his parents die, Marlene loves August, but he hits her. Also when Aminata falls in love with Chekura, but they are separated and when Aminatas master sells Aminatas child.

White Light/Black Rain Opr

White Light/Black Rain OPR August 6-9, 1945 The first atomic bombs be dropped over the Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki, resulting in the greatest nuclear catastrophe ever in terms of human casualties. As time fades these horrific events into obscure moments in history, many people become ignorant of the damage caused by the bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Steven Okazaki in White Light/Black Rain utilizes the rhetoric strategies ethos, pathos and parole to reveal the full destructive power of nuclear weapons and to convince future generations that nuclear weapons should never again be employed in war.By peppering quantitative selective information and statistics throughout the film, Okazaki effectively appeals to logos and displays the measurable damage caused from the atomic bombs dropped in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Okazaki states that 140,000 people were killed instantly from the explosions and 160,000 died later as a result of actinotherapy inebriety or burns. Hundred s of thousands of innocent people were wiped off the face of the earth from the cataclysmic eruptions of heat and radiation from these man made weapons of mass destruction.Even more were forever ill-omened with the chronic complications from heat and radiation exposure such as third-degree burns, hair loss, and later buttcer. Okazaki also declares that in the twenty-first century, there are enough nuclear weapons to cause as much damage as 40,000 Hiroshimas. This amount of nuclear firepower has the potential to kill millions of people and alter global climate. Nuclear warfare can only end in destruction.By providing the measurable damage of nuclear weapons used in in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Okazaki reveals their alarming destructive potential and reminds younger generations of its horrible consequences. Okazaki establishes ethos in his film by including interviews of many survivors from the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings and by rolling footage of the aftermath of the bombings. Du ring the interviews, the bomb survivors assure their awful story and show the horrific injuries sustained from the atomic bombs.Their recount of the deaths, destruction, disease, and poverty suffered calls in to question the morality of killing and maiming so many innocent people. During the interviews, the bomb survivors recall having family member killed, homes destroyed, or body parts parched beyond repair. Black and white footage of the cities after their bombings exposes their utter decimation. Although the Japanese could rebuild their cities, they were unaware of the radiation that would linger in the land for ages.The effects of chronic radiation exposure caused mutations and tumors in many who lived in Hiroshima and Nagasaki after the bombings. It is unjustifiable to intentionally cause mass destruction in any scenario, and Okazaki clearly questions the authority and ethical code of the atomic bombs through the first-hand accounts of their repercussions. Dissonant backgrou nd music and disturbing images of dead and severely burned and sick children establish the strong pathos against nuclear weapons in Okazakis film.During scenes of the tragic death and destruction brought by nuclear weapons, Okazaki plays quiet, echoing, and dissonant instrumental music. These audible elements combine to create a harsh and somber tone. The sorrowful, electric razor key music augments the woeful scenes of wreckage and induces pity and empathy. Scenes including mutilated and burned children appeal especially to emotions. The innocence of the children juxtaposed with their atrocious injuries induces a sense of anger against the atomic bombings.Viewing emotionally and physically scarred children strikes a discord in the hearts of the compassionate and emotional viewers. Okazaki successfully connects the emotions in the music and disturbing images to deter anyone from justifying the shoot for nuclear weapons. Clearly, by combining ethical, emotional, and logical consequ ences of the of atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Steven Okazaki in White Light/Black Rain, educates future generations about the consequences of using nuclear weapons and persuades them past from the idea of nuclear warfare.

Dr. Henry Jekyll (and Mr.Hyde) was born in to a society of morality, respectability and religion Essay

Dr. Henry Jekyll was born in to a society of morality, measureability and religion. It was believed that progress could hardly be made if ein truth mavin was self-disciplined and moralistic. Authors such as Samuel Smiles wrote Self-Help guides. All this was aimed to help the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. In an age of stern, industrious hypocrites, respect was everything to the upper and position classes. People denied themselves alcohol, gambling and prostitution to gain the respect of others. Jekyll refers to these denied as pleasures. People lived without these pleasures scarcely soon began to wonder what they were missing. This brought about the slum adventurers. These were middle and upper class men who wanted to keep the respect of their society but, through anonymity, still bollix in the pleasures the poor slums had to offer. They would work by sidereal day in their offices and at night would journey down to the alleys of the slums.A person such as Mr Utterson, a London lawyer who does not wish to indulge in pleasures is of a vicarious nature. It is noticed that though he enjoyed the theatre, he had not crossed the doors of one in twenty years. It is this vicariousness that helps him solve the case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Utterson is the enemy of Jekyll in the way that Utterson keeps the respectability of the Victorian society, whereas Jekyll rebels.The rebellious nature of Jekyll leads him to discover how to transform his appearance. Dr. Lanyon, a respectable conventional doctor of Victorian society frowns on Jekyll mostly secret work, which he refers to as unscientific balderdash.In the beginning it is serious for us to purport sympathy for Dr. Jekyll he is acting by his own conscience. At this current stage, he is in no way addicted to Mr. Hyde. make up the sight of Mr. Hyde pale and dwarfish who gave the impression of deformity but with no nameable malformation, according to Mr. Utterson, who had taken a loathing to my gentlem an at first sight, should clear forced Jekyll to recognise that Hyde was evil.It is very difficult to feel sympathy for Jekyll after we are told about when Hyde trampled calmly over a young girls body. Normally after this event anyone else would have ceased his transformation into Hyde. But Jekyll latch ons to become addicted to taking the drugs (as with modern addictions) and continues to turn into Hyde even after trampling the girl. As if trampling the girl was not a big enough deterrent Hyde brutally murders Sir Danvers Carew. Jekyll, conditioned what had meeted, easily accepts it and shifts the blame to Hyde. He shows this in Dr Jekylls full dictation of the case, it was Hyde, after all, and Hyde alone that is culpable.The ease at which he accepts this and shifts the blame could almost be inhuman. But after he discovers that he begins to change into Hyde spontaneously, without the drug we see he is very self centred and selfish, I must have stared upon it half a minuteI ru shed to the mirror my blood was something exquisitely thin and icy. Even though Jekyll is selfish about this, not mentioning what a terrible thing that he made now controls. We can feel some sympathy for knowing that he is trapped and at anytime Hyde might emerge over which Jekyll has no control. Alternatively we can have sympathy for a man that failed to have foreseen what would happen and stopped the process as soon as possible. But he continued to satisfy his need for the pleasures which otherwise eluded him.It is also very difficult to feel sorry for someone who knows and remembers what happens, but does not take action to prevent it. My two natures had memory in common. Surely the memories of the girl and Carew should be raw enough to force any sane and humane person to put a stop to Hydes actions. Hyde goes into hiding after Carews murder in fear of being hung, should he be caught. This removes a lot of the sympathy we may otherwise feel towards Jekyll at this point, as yet a gain he shows signs of being selfish and putting himself before everyone else. Some of this sympathy is regained when he is in hiding, he begins to show genuine remorse for Carews death.In the statement of the case, Jekyll finally admits to Hydes evil by saying It was no longer the fear of the gallows, it was the horror of being Hyde that racked me. This shows that Jekyll has become altruistic. Jekyll has now begun to put himself after everyone. He now excepts the he must not let Hyde free again for fear of him committing more evil. It is now we finally begin to feel sympathy and start to respect Jekyll for trying to put a stop to Hyde. Finally Jekyll commits suicide to save the world from the terror and evil Hyde could unleash. This gains him the greatest respect and sympathy. He took his bread and butter to save others from the extreme evil he had inadvertently created. He finally takes ultimate responsibility and puts a stop to Hyde.In conclusion I opine that Jekyll was a victi m of Victorian society where respect was everything. In some parts it is hard to offer our sympathy but his final act was one that one must respect and offer sympathy for the pain Jekyll went through. As we have seen restricting things from people can only bring out the noxious side of them, as Jekyll explains, My devil had been long caged, he came out roaring. Personal freedom is one of our greatest assets and one we take very frequently for granted.

Adult Education Philosophy

One of the philosophies that is beta to with child(p) education is the liberal philosophical system. The liberal philosophy, which Socrates is kn feature for, aims to develop intellectual powers of the mind. Having a strong intellectual powerfulness was vit completelyy important to the Greeks. Socrates was a phratryical Greek philosopher who helped found Western Philosophy.He was very much interested in ethics and logic. Interestingly, Socrates himself did not write every philosophical texts. All the current get it onlight-emitting diodege of Socrates life and study comes from the writings of others, such as Plato. Socrates was very much in favor of oral arguments, and love contestation. He felt that much insight was to be gained from hearing others giving their views on a topic.Socrates spent much of his life trying to prove that he was not the smartest person. He would debate people over and over again, only if he al slipway seemed to have the best and most original whims . To him, intellectual competency and prowess was the most valuable quality a person could possess.Socrates made a huge contribution to the field of education. The Socratic Method, named for Socrates, is a style of debate that is utilize frequently in classrooms today. Everyone gathers together and a question and answer type discussion takes place.As Seiferth (1997) states, the teacher does not give answers, but asks questions. The teacher directs the posing of debate by giving each student measure to give opinions. As each person puts forth an opinion, it is debated and critiqued by others. This way, everyone fanny learn from everyone else.Therefore, it is the students own brain power that is shaping the lesson. This is a substantially philosophy for adult students, beca subprogram they have formed solid opinions and positions on issues. The students life sees understructure greatly mold their topics. The debate among adult students is often very thorough and can also con tain a number of differing opinions based on what the students have gone by dint of and through in their waits.Another pupil who was important in education was Skinner. Skinner was a psychologist who made a huge impact on the psychological world with his idea of operant conditioning. He also influenced the educational world beca mathematical function he thought teachers could be taught how to manipulate and motivate students to produce better results. Skinners behavioristic psychology is still utilized today.While a graduate student at Harvard, Skinner invented the operant conditioning chamber which studied the rate of response given when reinforcers were present. His findings led to experimental, data-driven research. The associations between an environmental stimulus, and a natural, recurring response, were found to be predictable.According to Boeree (1997) Skinner found that behavior could be shaped. By giving positive reinforcers every time a desired behavior was exhibited, the behavior could become consistent. A desired behavior became shaped when the behavior began to happen on its own without the exigencyed reinforcer.Skinners behaviorism affected not only the field of psychology, but also education. Skinner believed that every student could be motivated, and that behavior follows a predictable pattern. If a teacher gave students a positive result for a particular behavior, they would repeat that behavior. This is great for teachers because they can use a number of things to motivate students to do their bestow.This philosophy brings well with adult students because they learn their own motivators. Many adults be back in school to better themselves in their cargoners, so they atomic number 18 intrinsically motivated to do well. The teachers need only to reinforce those pre-existing ideas that education will lead to a better job, and the students will respond accordingly. The teacher directs and manipulates the outcomes desired by motivating the students with positive reward.The progressive philosophy aims to promote social change through practical knowledge and problem-solving skills. Active participation by all members of a class is key for the progressive philosophy to give way. Class members use their own experiences to learn and draw insight from, as well as a coming up with and testing hypotheses. The teacher acts as a facilitator, guiding them through their experiences and evaluating their breeding outcomes.A key scholar of the progressive philosophy is Dewey. His model of learning included five stages first, the student had to become aware of the problem next they had to be able to define the problem then they needed to propose a surmisal to try to solve the problem next they had to evaluate the consequences of the hypothesis based on their own experience and finally they had to test the most presumable solution.According to Zilversmit (2005) Dewey thought the classroom should be a model for the democratic society at large. He felt that teachers should use the classroom to show students how real-world issues happened, and let them sour them out as a true society would.Dewey believed that real-life experiences were the best experiences for learning. Setting up real-work simulations, actually going out into the world to test a hypothesis and learn about an idea, were the best ways to get a solid foundation of knowledge about a subject. The environment is also very important to the progressive philosophy, because the environment shapes behavior, just as behaviors also creates a particular environment. continuous tense philosophy works well with adult students because most often they are already working and living independently in the world. Learning theory from books is useful, but they also need the real-world component to understand the concepts. They need practical applications for the learning they are doing in the classroom that can translate into work experience.The humanistic phi losophy takes the real-world experience of progressive philosophy one step further. In humanistic philosophy, private emersion and development are the most important factors to consider. The students are self-motivated, and the teachers act as guides and aides. They do not facilitate learning rather, they are a sound board or advice givers. Humanistic theory focuses on the person more than the subject.One scholar of humanistic philosophy was Maslow. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs were very strong in the psychological world, and also have implications in the educational world. Maslow found that each person had a number of different types of call for. If a persons most basic needs were not met, he would have trouble being well-rounded and meeting other needs.The needs in Maslows hierarchy are as follows basic needs for survival, such as food, shelter, c locoweedhing safety needs, which include the ideas that ones home and family are safe, and that she has enough resources to live co mfortably on. The next level is the need for love and a sense of belonging. After love comes self-esteem, which includes confidence and respect for oneself and others. Finally, the last stage is the self-actualization stage. This includes morality, creativity, and problem-solving.As stated by Simons, Irwin, and Drinnian, (1987), Maslow argued that if the basic lower levels of need are not met, a person cannot begin to complete the higher levels, and that educators should help students move from one level to the next. by-line his theory, someone who is constantly hungry will not be very confident. This is important for adult learners because there may be some students whose basic needs have never been met. These needs should be dealt with before venturing into the higher levels. Conversely, many adult students will already have their basic levels of needs met, so the class time can be spent on working toward the higher levels and reaching the self-actualization stage.A final philoso phy of education is the al-Qaeda philosophy. This philosophy puts forth the idea that change is desirable and necessary. The learner and teacher are considered equals as they discuss their own actions and reflect on the consequences of those actions. Much time is spent in discussions when teachers are employing this philosophy. Students own ideas and thoughts on how to promote change are highly valued, and the group tries to come up with some ways of affecting change on their environment.A scholar who has been instrumental to this philosophy is Freire. His emphasis on dialog and praxis were very significant to the radical movement. Many scholars have felt that education needs to be the basis on which change is made. Students have always had ideas that would help them, school, or community. The best way to bring about change is to talk about it. He also felt dialog was just words without action, so he believed in praxis, which is putting ideas into action.Freire believed that the ke y to change was dialog. According to Smith (2002), Freire felt that through dialog, ideas could be expressed and evaluated in order to deem their possibility. Since dialog is a cooperative activity that involves some basic level of respect, it can be employ to great effect. When dialog produces useful ideas that lead to specific intentions, great and significant changes can be made. Once dialog has is do and action begins, change takes place.The radical movement would appeal to adult learners because as adults, they probably view themselves more as equals with the instructors than younger students. Adult students also know that they have the life experiences to know that some changes would make a great difference in their environment.Talking about issues that they themselves have had problems with in their lives would lead to great dialog about what could be done to make things better. Adults are also often quite practical they would be able to come up with plans for action that would be effective and efficient as well.The liberal philosophy works well in a workplace environment where there is a need to promote higher level thinking. Colleges often use the Socratic Method to get students to think deeply about and debate and issue. In a business, the managers might get together and debate the merits of shorter work weeks.It is not often used on a daily basis in many workplaces. It can be used in certain situations, but since this philosophy can take time to employ, it is not practical in many areas of work. It is not used much in the military, where ideas are given mound from the chain of command, and no debate is allowed.The behaviorist philosophy can work well in certain aspects of many types of environment. The basic stimulus-response behavior associated with this philosophy can be used to promote good work output. A factory with assembly lines would be a good place for the behaviorist philosophy because workers work as quickly as possible doing repeate d behaviors.This philosophy would also be useful in other organizations where certain behaviors need to be repeated. Employers could use basic conditioning to ensure that all hospital workers washed their hands after entering each patients room. An appropriate practice and reinforcement would be well-served in this environment. The military is also a great place to see the behaviorist philosophy at work.Soldiers constantly perform certain behaviors because of the cognise responses and consequences associated with those behaviors. Behaviorist philosophy does not work well when ideas need to flow freely. An advertising company thrives on new and unique ideas, so the behaviorist philosophy of producing repeated behaviors would not work well there.The progressive philosophy works well when there are environmental aspects to the workplace. When workers need to find specific ways of solving problems, or developing step by step procedures for operations, this philosophy is often utilized. The scientific and project nature Thinking outside the box sooner of just taking in information is an important aspect of this philosophy, so creative workplaces will get a lot of use out of it. Hospitals can utilize this philosophy because there are always unique real-life situations taking place in the emergency room. This philosophy promotes that kind of thinking.The military does not use this philosophy. There is no need for creative thinking is when learning how to walk in formation or assemble a weapon. Workplaces where specific results are needed do not use this philosophy.Humanistic philosophy is best employed where individual ideas and creativity are valued. Medical research is one area where this philosophy is used to great effect. Group discussion and discovery are highly valued, and that is key to coming up with new ideas to try for new medicines.Almost every department of a college has a research department, and the people who work there are self-directed, motivated wo rkers whose main objective is discovery. Human Resources departments often use this philosophy as it takes into storey feelings and emotional responses. This philosophy would not work well when direct results are needed.A factory that produces cars does not need to use group discussions very much, as radiators need to be assembled in a certain way to work properly. The military does not use this philosophy very much the need for personal growth and independence is not as important as the unit.The radical philosophy would be best used in workplaces where the status quo is not what they are face for. Government agencies designed to improve or change relations between citizens and police could utilize the dialog and action of this philosophy to great effect. A lot of talking goes into party planning as well.A party planner would never be able to pull off a successful event without a productive dialog to find out what the client wants, combined with action that produces those desired results. This philosophy does not work well in workplaces where the desired results are already being produced. The military and assembly lines are already producing their desired results, so they have little need for dialog about change.It has been very unmanageable to pinpoint my own philosophy of adult education. Each philosophy has pros and cons, and I can see how each would be beneficial in the workplace. However, my own experience has led me more toward the humanistic philosophy. I feel most productive in a group environment where ideas are being shared, and I feel I have skills that would make me a good facilitator of other groups.I like to listen to other ideas and evaluate their merits. I like to hear what others have to dictate on a topic that I am passionate about. Therefore, I think the humanistic philosophy fits my personality the best. I am also self-motivated, and could work well on a project on my own. I have a hard time separating my experiences and feelings from my work, and this philosophy allows me to combine them both to produce good results.I also see value in the behaviorist philosophy, because I believe that all people have internal motivators, and if I could understand what those are, I could advance a lot of productivity in the people who worked for me.I love incentive based projects and reward systems, and think everyone should be rewarded for a job well done. I work well when given a task that I know has a reward at the end, and I think I could also plan appropriate rewards for people who worked for me. Therefore, I think my own philosophy is a combination of the humanistic and behaviorist philosophies.All five of these philosophies have great value when it comes to adult learners. It is important to understand the scholars who promoted these philosophies, as well as what the philosophies themselves are about. Knowing what practices are employed in each of the philosophies would help any educator understand which one would be bes t suited to a lesson, as well as the unique group that is adult learners.ReferencesBoeree, C. (1998). B.F. Skinner 1904-1990. Personality theories. Retrieved May 28, 2009 fromhttp//webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.htmlSeiferth, M. (1997). Socratic teaching. Palo Alto College critical thinking resource page.Retrieved May 28, 2009 from http//lonestar.texas.net/mseifert/crit3.htmlSimons, J. Irwin, D. Drinian, B. (1987). Maslows hierarchy of needs. from Psychology, TheSearch for Understanding. New York West Publishing Company. Retrieved May 29,2009 from http//honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/FacDevCom/guidebk/Teachtip/maslow.htmSmith, M. (2002). Paulo Freire and informal education. The encyclopaedia of informaleducation. Retrieved May 29,2009 from www.infed.org/thinkers/et-freir.htmZilversmit, A. (2005). Progressive education. Retrieved may 29, 2009 fromhttp//www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1012.html

Discuss the Influence of Childhood on Adult Relationships

Discuss the mildew of childhood on pornographic relationships. (24 Marks) Many fastening psychologists argue that archaeozoic relationships with our primary cargongivers provide the foundation for later adult relationships. Bowlby called this the continuity hypothesis. This is the claim that early relationship dumbfounds continue in later adult relationships. According to the attachment theory, young children pause an internal working model from their first relationship with their primary carer.This is then the basis on which they consider what is acceptable in future relationships and whether they are able to trust or rely other individuals (based on preconceptions from previous relationships). Young children also develop characteristic attachment styles in their early relationships which make for later relationships by providing the child with beliefs just slightly themselves, other people and relationships in general. There are several attachment styles that a child can d evelop in infancy.Ainsworth (1971) divided these into secure, insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant, when working on her Strange Situation research. The characteristics we associate with attachment styles will provide a child with a set of beliefs about themselves and the nature of relationships with others. These attachment styles can be seen as a indicator of the nature of their future adult relationships. For example, someone who is securely attached as a child can expect to have similar relationships throughout life.There is research supporting the influence of childhood on adult relationship, such as the longitudinal study performed by Simpson et al (2007). It was carried out on on a group of individuals from childhood into their twenties. Individuals previously labelled as securely attached were more opened of socialising, developed secure friendships and had positive emotional experiences on a regular basis, supporting the hypothesis. This shows that our attachment as chi ldren, and our developed internal working model influence our adult relationships greatly.Another study that proves this hypothesis was performed by Hazan and Shaver (1981). They devised a love quiz in a local newspaper, asking readers to describe their feelings and experiences about romantic relationships and their childhood relationships with parents. They found a strong correlation between childhood and adult relationship patterns for example, insecure-avoidant types doubted the existence of love, feared closeness and found it hard to exculpate insecure-resistant types were intensely emotional, jealous and untrusting and secure types believed in love, were very trusting and liked being close to others.However it is unlikely that our attachment types as children are fixed. disembodied spirit events, such as divorce of parents or loss of a loved one, can cause a securely attached child to choke insecure, therefore it is false to say that our early relationships determine whethe r or not we have successful long-lasting relationships. Also, this is a very deterministic view. It suggests that we have no control everyplace the effect our childhood has on our future and that we do not have free will. For example the idea that because a child was abused, when they grow up they will become abusers is not only is this untrue, but it plays on the idea that we have no power over who we become. ) Relationships with peers also have an influence on later adult relationships. Peers become more influential as a child progresses into adolescence, playing a significant role in an individual becoming an independent adult, and dowery to develop social skills, including those needed for adult relationships.As young people develop into adolescents, they spend less time with parents and family and time with peers increases. They are more likely to experience self disclosure of inner feelings and secrets. Bee (1995) argues that teenagers use their peer group to make the transi tion from protection from the family to the real world. Interactions help to develop independence where the teen piecemeal attains separation from their family. This suggests how they develop a level of emotional and physical intimacy different to that to which they have with their parents.However gender differences have been found in childhood relationships. question has shown that girls experience more intimate peer relations than boys, and often report feelings of care and security in their relationships with other girls. In contrast, boys peer relationships are usually more competitive. Therefore, we cannot extrapolate about the effects of childhood peer interactions as experiences are often very different. Also, many studies of adolescent relationships have relied on excellent samples from once school or city, usually in the US.A major disadvantage of such samples is that it doesnt adequately represent relationships in other areas and cultures. Therefore, it is difficult to generalise findings, especially to non-Western cultures. Overall there are many suggestions as to how childhood, (the effects of peer relationships and parent-child relationships,) can affect our future adult relationships, and although there is various consequence supporting this, it is too reductionist to suggest that childhood experiences is the only factor that impacts possible relationships, as there are others such as life events and environmental factors.

Betrayal in Hamlet Essay

How does betrayal or fraud help in developing the main character? What it divulges or so the characters? Use a news report. How betrayal was a theme and how if affected the main character?William Shakespeare, one of the most influential writers in history, was renowned for masterfully elaborating themes of historical vitality into his pieces of literature. In fact, his plays were able to transcend time, influencing the course of western literature because of their universal thematic. In one of Shakespeares most acclaimed plays, settlement, the author dissects the common theme of betrayal. Although the play carries the name of its main protagonist, all characters play crucial roles in the ontogeny of the many layers of meaning of the intricate plot and the character of juncture himself. quatern characters in particular play important roles in developing a predominant theme in settlement. From the beginning of the play to the end, Hamlet experiences a development of characte r through the betrayals of Gertrude, Ophelia, Rosencrantz and Gildernstern.When the play opens, Hamlets relationship with his mother was very close. Nonetheless, after his mother married his uncle unless two months after his becomes death, Hamlet suspected that she was involved in the plot to murder his father. Consequently, Hamlets feeling and trust in his mother were greatly diminished. These incestuous actions by Hamlets mother, the most important woman in his life, added the distrust of women to Hamlets feelings. He mocked his mother, the figureming virtuous queen, with phrases analogous frailty, thy name is woman, and such dexterity to incestuous sheets. His words not only illustrated his disgust, frustration and disappointment towards his mother and women in general, but also formal Hamlets sense of isolation.A young man such as Hamlet often puts his mother on a pillar and uses her as a comparison as to how all women are to behave. Gertrudes behaviour provided Hamlet with a false sense of security and distorted his views on women. Hamlet showed no affection towards his mother throughout the entire play. It is obvious that he loved her dearly, however, his behaviour did not portray his true emotions. Though it is difficult to see, referable to Hamlets immature behaviour, it is clear that the loving relationship between mother and son did exist.The extent to which Hamlet felt betrayed by Gertrude is far to a greater extent apparent with his interactions with Ophelia. Hamlets feelings of rage against his mother were directed toward Ophelia, who was, in his estimation, disguised her true nature behind a veil of impeccability. Ophelia complied with Polonius orders to stop eyesight Hamlet, and later allowed both Polonius and Claudius to spy on her conversation with Hamlet. These continuous betrayals from Ophelia deteriorate Hamlets opinion of women. Hamlet advised Ophelia Get thee to a nunnery(3.1.121). Hamlet felt embarrassment and frustration in the f ailure of persuading Ophelia to care about him. In Hamlets eyes, this failure could only be explained by the fact that she is a woman. Hamlets love was broken and misused once again in the case with Ophelia. Hamlets consistent betrayal by the women in his life has added to the growing hatred of women through his eyes.Hamlets feelings for Ophelia shifted from passionate love, to resentful hatred. He resented her for being the weak character that she is and listening to her father, therefore not go his love. While at the same time, he was madly in love with her, and could not express his feelings any more than he already has. Not only is he immature in his actions towards her, but also very unpredictable. For example, his behaviour towards her during the play that he created is immoral, and rude. His possessive and persistent behaviour frightened Ophelia, for he continuously threatened her and attempted to persuade her to return his love.Even Hamlets close friends Rosencrantz and Gi ldernstern betrayed him by spying on Hamlet for Claudius and Gertrude (Act 2 Scene 3). Rosencratz and Guildenstern gibe disloyalty and dishonesty in the play. They betray their friend and conspire with the King to eliminate Hamlet. Hamlet uncovered their deceitfulness and ironically arranges for their death. Ironically, these two mens treachery leads to their own demise in the hands of the man they betrayed, Hamlet. The betrayal of Rosencrantz and Gildernstern affected his life significantly. Hamlet reached his lowest point.From the evidence stated above, one can see that it was all the traumatic events in Hamlets life that lead him to grieve. Hamlet not only lost his father, but was also betrayed by everyone that he holds dear. Hamlet could not handle and bear all the pressures of life at that particular part in time. Hamlets character, though extremely knotty and intricate, is also surprisingly immature and unpredictable. Hamlets character is directly reflected in most notably i n his relationships with his mother, Gertrude, and his lover Ophelia. The character of Gertrude and Ophelia help to reveal Hamlets true personality. The weakness and nave aspects of their characters exemplify Hamlets controlling personality.Through their own characteristics, Gertrude, Ophelia, Rosencrantz and Gildernstern helped illustrate Hamlets personality throughout the play. Frailty thy name is woman may have been Shakepeares attitude about the female characters of the play however, this weak and naive characteristic that he placed on the female roles was a necessity to the play. Hamlets immature, unpredictable and insane behaviour could not have been defined if the female roles had not existed in the plot to shape his true personality.

Extremism: Political Philosophy and International Political Issues Essay

MANY counter terrorist act and security experts believe that extremism and terrorist act have a cause and effect relation. If this were true, it would be close unthinkable for Pakistan to tackle the issues of terrorism and militancy without effectively responding to growing extremism and radicalism in the country. Countering extremism and extremist ideologies is an important component of the current debate on internal security and counterterrorism. though extremism has yet to be defined in Pakistan at least there is a consensus in the country that terrorism is a major issue and needs to be addressed on a priority basis.On the other hand, the realm of extremism is very broad, and diverging segments of party hold diverse views regarding the phenomenon. Let us first take a look at the different views on extremism that argon prevalent in the country and then examine the question of intermission its links with terrorism. Extremism is defined in Pakistan in a number of ways, and is used chief(prenominal)ly in the political, religious, and social contexts. Political scientists consider it a political phenomenon, triggered by inequality, socio-economic injustices and state policies.In 2008-9, the Pak Institute for Peace Studies, an Islamabad-based research group, consulted several experts in the fields of political science, international relations, faith studies, science, media and human rights. Their popular opinion was sought through detailed discussions and a survey on issues of terrorism and extremism. Out of 16 experts, 11 agreed that extremism was a political phenomenon only three looked at extremism in the light of an ideologic struggle, whereas two experts linked extremism to the misinterpretation of religion.The experts also differed on what they considered to be the reasons behind extremism. Most of the respondents pointed out political, social and economic disparities as the main causes of extremism. A similar study that was conducted by the instit ute in 2009 to collect the views of teachers in madressahs showed that the majority of clerics and madressah teachers believed that extremism was a political issue. However, the respondents believed that regional and international political issues were more than important.A large number of madressah teachers also thought that extremism in the country could only be countered if Pakistan distanced itself from the US-led war on terror. Very few discussed the religious and ideological aspects of extremism. They considered Talibanisation to be an outcome of state polices, and the states failure to enforce Islamic law in the country. The teachers also expressed concern over the tungstenernisation of Pakistani society. Such narratives are also reflected in public opinion, and policymakers follow the same discourse. Even the debate in the right-wing media reflects the same approach.The opinions of those that are among the first targets of extremism are of obvious significance. Public opin ion is shaped by the media as well as by religious and political leaders. It ultimately influences the political trends that a society is witnessing. But signs of confusion are discernible in public opinion with regard to extremist and violent groups. Another survey conducted by the institute to lay out the political behaviour of the masses revealed that though more than 56pc of Pakistanis acknowledge the services of religious scholars for Islam, over 53pc oppose a political role for the scholars.Public opinion considers the provision of justice and basic necessities as crucial to the exercise of countering extremism. Interestingly, marginalised segments of society including religious, sectarian and cultural minorities, women and those associated with the creative arts appear to hold a different view of extremism. According to the survey, they unanimously defined extremism as imbalanced ideological attitudes attitudes that were conceived in a state of mind where an individual rega rds himself as superior to others and acts as an inquisitor.They classified the causes behind extremism as falling under three main categories the misinterpretation of religion, political, economic and social inequalities and the lack of rational and logical behaviour. Such divergent perceptions on extremism are not surprising as the Taliban in the tribal areas, the Malakand region and adjacent parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa first targeted women, confining them to their homes and banning their entry in markets. Girls schools, Sufi shrines, cultural heritage sites and music shops have been torched and bombed.Violent activities and threats by the Taliban brought cultural activities and creative expressions, such as painting and poetry, to a halt in the affected areas. Each segment of Pakistani society has its own viewpoint on extremism and on how to counter it. The prevalence of diverse and often conflicting viewpoints makes it almost impossible for society to generate a collective respo nse to issues of extremism and terrorism. Whereas the intellectuals lay more emphasis on ideological and empirical aspects when it comes to countering extremism, social experts and religious scholars vehemently assert that that is not an effective solution.More comprehensive studies and analyses may yield a clearer answer, but can the state afford to prioritise any grouchy set of causes said to be responsible for extremism and terrorism? Can the rationalisation of certain ideological, political and socio-cultural thinking patterns provide a quick fix for terrorism? Especially when views on extremism and also terrorism are paradoxical? At the same time, adjusting counter-extremism goals in the narrow operational framework of counterterrorism is an uphill task. Western counterterrorism frameworks cannot assistant Pakistan.In these frameworks, extremism and terrorism are not separated and a single policy is followed to deal with both challenges. The reason is that the challenge of te rrorism in the West mainly originates from parallel societies of immigrant communities there. Adopting such an approach here would be devastating, as terrorism is not a community-oriented phenomenon in Pakistan. The government has to focus on countering terrorism to bring down the level of violence in the country. Until violence in the country is not reduced, both state and society will continue to birth from the chicken and egg syndrome.

Democracy and Technology Essay

While technologies such(prenominal) as the use of internet and e-majority rule have made the dissemination of ideas quicker, they have too resulted in the add-on in a groups power to manipulate general opinion. The technologies aiding democracy today, such as computers, satellites, radio, telephones and television have undeniably changed the face of modern democracy.What constitute positive spill outs of these technologies for democracy also in some cases have a detrimental effect on it. While it increases the reach among battalion and nations, enriching both formal and business communication, it also provides these opportunities to fundamentalists to create rumours and channels individuals or a group of plurality against democracy.However a little caution such as verifying the news from multiple sources impart easily reveal these elements and thus the negative influence of misleading a large group of sensible individuals can be easily curtailed. The rise in literacy level and t he positive trend of e-democracy deepens the process of democracy and empowers the individuals not only to have a say in the election of their government as earlier, only when also empowers the citizens to have greater say in the decision making process of the government.With increasing literacy levels, as the citizens become more aware of the power of technology, they will find it easier to organise themselves for pressing on social, economical and political reforms from the government at helm thus ushering a truly democratic era where the citizens case is not only limited to electing their representatives but also to correct them if they are being found careless in fulfilling their duties.However for this to happen in the future, it should be ensured that technology and their benefits are not limited to a select few in the upper echelons of society and that they are made available to those at the last(a) level for complete integration of the masses to the democracy.References Allison, Juliann Emmons. (2002). Technology, development, and democracy. SUNY Press.

With which client would I have the most difficulty working?

According to my beliefs the invalidating member is the most hard-fought to handle. According to Jacobs, Masson and Harvill the proscribe leaf node is one who has a tendency to find problems with everything. A negative thickening is capable of transforming a group session into a gripe session. (Jacobs, Masson and Harvill, 2006) A negative client causes a negative influence on the group as a whole and is capable of instigating a skin perceptiveness of discontentedness among other group members. Presence of one or more negative client in a group may lead to lowering of the groups morale.How would I handle a negative client in a group? My re exercises against unreasonable demands of a negative client would probably be instinctive. I would resort to direct confrontation with the negative client, although this would not be the ideal course of exploit since Jacobs, Masson and Harvill capture recommended that group attractors should refrain from direct confrontation because it only leads to time consuming arguments between the leader and a negative client. How would Jacobs, Masson and Harvill have handled a negative client?Jacobs, Masson and Harvill suggest three alternative courses of action which will enable the leader to effectively handle a negative client. The first course of action is to talk to the negative client outside the group and try determining the reason for his unacceptable behavior. In most cases negative clients suffer from lack of attention and the problem can be solved if they ar offered an important role. The second option as suggested by Jacobs, Masson and Harvill involves identifying the positive members of the group (ie those members who are contented with the group).By public lecture to the positive members in a group a leader can motivate those members who have been influenced by the negative client. The third option calls for de motivating and isolating a negative client. This goal can be achieved if the group leader avoids making an eye contact with the negative client while addressing the group as a whole. Incase neither of the 3 courses of action are successful in improving the negative client, Jacobs, Masson and Harvill suggest that asking the negative client to leave is only option that the leader is left with. If thither are any members in my group who have taken up the role of a negative client?What effect has it had on the group? I have encountered negative clients in my group such(prenominal) group members cause a lot of problem. They create a wide spread feeling of discontent among the group which leads to fragmentation of the group. The group gets subdivided into two characters one of which harbors feeling of negativity and discontent and the other section comprises of positive members who are satisfied with the current state of affairs. Fragmentation of a group results in detriment of productivity. Therefore it is important to prevent the group member from acquiring negative tendencies.

Speaking Out About Malt

Speaking Out ab extinct Malt teddy 8. 3 rapscallion 404-405, Moral Issues in Business The shield of Whitewater Brewing and bloody shame Davis touches upon several glances and incorrupt issues that be non unique(predicate)ally black or white. Case 8. 3 specifically deals with a business called Whitewater Brewing Co. Whitewater Brewing, as its name sounds, is a manufacturer of inebriantic refreshments, selling its brands to various consumers. The article in particular focuses upon a specific Whitewater product, R later on.Rafter is being targeted to match other like products that atomic number 18 bottled in a 40 ounce size. The unfortunate part is that these 40 ounce size refreshments are not only fashionable with inner-city teenagers exclusively in the area where Whitewater sells these 40 ounce products there is already a federation alcoholic beverage related problem. Whitewater is not in foreign territory, numerous other companies already shit sold similar products in the same area targeting the same clientele. More importantly due to its popularity this product produces good tax revenue for Whitewater.Enter into this scenario an employee of Whitewater Brewing Co. , bloody shame Davis, an Associate Vice Pre placementnt. bloody shame has decided to further her education and is attend a course at an outside school, with her husband who was pursuing his MBA. My intention is to try to determine whether or not Mary or Whitewater were quest every good practices, determine why they made the choices they did, and to look for to determine if there is any validity to their reasoning. Mary begins working on a term projection studying the making of wine and beer.Research shows Mary that several companies market products that are high alcohol based and sold at a very low price point, and not considered a amplitude product, strictly to repay a specific market niche. As Marys investigations continue she begins to butt in her own feelings and viewpoi nts into her findings and her paper become a reflection of her personal viewpoints, and not necessarily those of her employer. For the opposite side of the case Whitewater Brewing is basically working like it should trying to maximize profits for its shareholders marketing products to satisfy consumer needs.In this case, that need is a malt liquor sold in 40 ounce containers and targeted to specific customers. This is nothing new, as other businesses are already in this market. The ane caveat here is that no(prenominal) of the companies markets their malt liquors chthonic their name almost to distance themselves from the negative social implications resulting from the sales of malt liquors, specifically to this target audience. Separately and apart neither Mary Davis or Whitewater marketing products would puddle been a Case 6. 3 were it not for the fact Mary Davis IS an employee of Whitewater.More so it never would carry bubbled to the surface had Mary Davis d unrivaled what s he did which was to ultimately write an article for a paper discussing her personal views on malt liquors wherein she states, once again her views, as to the social responsibilities of businesses that produce malt liquors. In stating her personal opinions Mary today has pitted herself again the views of the business. Because Marys article is viewed negatively by Whitewater, the CEO of Whitewater fears the article will have a negative impact to profits and to the product(s) they sell.They also feel this could lead to legislation that would ultimately result is manage product loss and loss of revenue. These would be fairly legitimate concerns for any business, in my opinion. So if a socially responsible ac political party produces severity products are they bad? One commode argue peculiarly in the case of liquor manufacturers that there is heavy investment to provide a product that is intend for good use and that they aggressively help to pass legislation helping to address tho se who use their products in a negative manner.So deterrent examplely and ethically Whitewater, in my opinion, is doing what they are intended to do. Specifically they are trying to attract money, and to do so in an ethical manner. No high society can be wholly responsible, in every circumstance (but in a specific few), for the im clean or wrong behavior of others utilizing their products. Ralph Jenkins, CEO of Whitewater, writes to Mary Davis to express the societys views on her behavior and to ask her to frontmost capable all further comments (regarding her personal views on liquor production) with the business. Mary feels this to be an invasion of her obligation to let go of speech.Additionally Mary informs Ralph Jenkins that she seeks to pursue her article further and even speak at an dis localizee slightly her views (personal ones). Mr. Jenkins remains adamant that Mary adhere to his requests further escalating things to state she can either consent or resign. So do es Davis have a moral reclaim to unornamented speech in the workplace, or can Whitewater determine the extent to her free speech? Also what would Daviss best path ethical path be? The second is the easiest to dissolver so I will do that now. Davis could simply put resign, enabling her to champion her beliefs and become a martyr for her cause, as it were.As for the first question the answer is not a simple clear cut one, and ultimately will be an individual one. shortly there is already reasoned precedent that allows companies to require employees not to act or speak disloyally. Take the following case In Korb v. Raytheon, 574 N. E. 2d 370, 410 Mass. 581 (1991), Raytheon terminated Lawrence Korb after receiving com unembellishedts of his public interest group in an anti-nuclear proliferation nonprofit known as the Committee for National Security (CNS) and his advocacy of reduced defense spending.On February 26, 1986 The Washington Post ran an article describing Korbs speech at a press conference held the day former as critical of increased defense spending. Following the publication of the article, several military officials expressed their comment of Korbs comments. 77 Despite writing a letter of retraction which ran in The Washington Post, Raytheon terminated Korbs position after it continued to receive Navy, Air Force, and Armed Services Committee objections. 78 In adjudicating Korbs claim of wrongful take in, the arbitrary Judicial Court of Massachusetts found no public policy prohibiting an employer from discharging an ineffective at-will employee. His claim beneath the State Civil Rights Act was dismissed as well. In affirming the lower courts conclusion to dismiss, Justice Abrams wrote Although Korb has a secured right to speak out on matters of public concern, and he has a right to express views with which Raytheon disagrees, he has no right to do so at Raytheons expense. 79 The above article shows one perspective of the courts on this matt er. Further more Mary Davis necessary to be sure her personal opinions could withstand the examination of being challenged for slander, unless there was very strong specific data supporting her views. Despite Marys strong personal views, even if validated, she is in conflict by the very nature of working for Whitewater and having such strong personal views. She may have morally sound arguments round liquor products but she is ethically wrong then for working in the liquor industry.My view is that Marys intent, though ethically sound, is still less ethical than that of Whitewater. Mary attempts to peanut butter spread the first amendment right to free speech across the board, when in fact Whitewater too has rights and expectations in spite of appearance the first amendment. While Mary is authorise to do as she chooses outside of work there are limitations when her choices can have specific negative impacts to her employer. And for these impacts she can be held accountable legal ly, despite her moral righteousness.In conclusion there is no clear path to moral righteousness and ethical behavior. What I feel is important is that in the end we can do either in a manner that withstands legal implication (much of it already established) and exercise our own personal moral conviction in a manner that does not leave us conflicted. QUESTIONS FROM THE BOOK. 1. Do you think Mary Davis acted irresponsibly or disloyally? I dont believe at the time Mary Davis intended to act irresponsibly or disloyally however Mary should have thought more about the big picture and talked with her management first about her intentions.This is a peculiarly tough issue as this does touch upon the right to free speech. Depending upon what sort of agreement the company has with Mary would speak volumes as to her rights outside of work and expectations as to how she is expected portray her company. Mary also should have known that media sensationalism is what they are in business for. Her v iews were liable for their interpretation and hence liable to be misconstrued or mis-utilized as they were. Does Whitewater have a legitimate concern about her speaking out on this issue?Marys concern is legitimate of that there is no doubt. However as an minister plenipotentiary of her company she is responsible both inside work and outside work to present an image of her company that is positive. Or she could choose to work elsewhere. If Mary were to choose her moral high ground and leave the company she would be commended for her actions that follow her beliefs. Does the company have a right to abridge her liberty of expression? The company does have some right to abridge her freedom particularly if they have a company enchiridion which specifies their expectations (within reason).Marys views and activities outside of work have no real concern to her company but ethically Mary is working in an industry where serving liquor is the nature of business. These companies often debun k and rely on laws and policies to inflict rules regarding consumption and abuse. That individuals abuse their products is really not completely their fault. Ethically they are trying to be responsible and they are after all in the business to sell and make a profit. 2. Is your answer to question 1 affected by whether you agree or disagree with the views Mary Davis expressed?I think for the zealots on either side of the spectrum individual views would impact whether they agreed or disagreed with Mary Davis. However, it is my belief that you need not side nor disagree with Mary to realize that her behavior and that of Whitewater create from raw stuff are dealing with ethical grey matter. The company has rights as much as Mary does and to each one can make choices that would resolve this conflict. Mary can leave Whitewater and then no longer be under their scrutiny or Whitewater can have specific policies on expected behavior that reflects the company position.Communication is at th e core of the problem. If either side had communicated among themselves could have avoided this bit and who knows perhaps Whitewater being community responsible may have given Mary a different tact to utilize that would have made her and Whitewater happy. 3. Should there be any limits on an employees freedom of expression? If not, why? If so, under what circumstances is a company justified in restricting an employees right to speak out? This is a tenuous issue as there are already many amendments to current laws of free speech.I understand that businesses have a right to ensure viability and employee comments can adversely affect them. I think so long as there is clear communication up front about business policies regarding this and that they are communicated regularly and clearly then it becomes a buyer/employee beware situation. Again within reason individuals should still be able to express themselves particularly when there is no direct redundancy that is specific about a bus iness. I am an opponent to a business screening by Facebook etc as what a person does on their time does not necessarily prove they would be bad at work.Statistics aside we all know you can make data to support whatever view you want today. The bigger question is the legal one and companies basically in my opinion wield a heavy sword (meaning they have deep pockets for legal issues) to drive their views and challenge you to dispute them. So one question we should be asking is once hired by a business Are you now their property which can be used in any way, and discarded when no longer needed? After all, today one can be dismissed without cause, employee at will. Take for instance the following articlehttp//www. bs2. com/freespch. htm The commencement ceremony Amendment to the U. S. Constitution establishes freedom of speech in the USA. There are several study limitations on this freedom Only the government is prohibited from restricting speech. Private corporations are free to c riminalize speech of their employees. Freedom of speech is not absolute, even when government regulation or law is concerned. Forexample, freedom of speech does not give one the right to commit perjury. See the beginning of my essay on infotorts for more examples. Since 1977, the U. S.Supreme Court has retreated from nurtureing freedom of speech even for government employees, as explained in my separate essay. Fundamentally, an at-will employee in the USA can be terminated at any time, and for any reason ornoreasonatall and the courts will not intervene to protect the ex-employee from allegedly unfair treatment by the employer. Courts have repeatedly recognized that anyreason includes a morallywrong or morallyreprehensible reason. Ihave briefly discussed the history of at-will workout in the USA and criticism of this doctrine in a separate essay. The combination of o legal protection for freedom of speech of employees of for-profit and non-profit corporations and other non-gover nmental employers, and the freedom of employers to terminate employment at any time, for any reason means that employees in private industry have no legal rights to freedom of speech. (end of article) The case presentation doesnt specify whether the newspaper article identified Mary Davis as an employee of Whitewater. Is that a relevant issue? Whether Mary Davis was identified or not is not necessarily relevant. Once stated, today there should be an assumption that someone, anyone, can ultimately determine ownership.This is especially true if the information is anything but vocal and has been recorded in any way, manner, or form. Does it matter what position in the company Mary Davis holds? To a degree the fact that Mary Davis is high up in the corporate chain bears a more significant impact. In a higher position Mary is more an emissary of the business and as such expected more to promote the business image. However despite her position as an employee of a business she is bound to the requirements of that business, especially once specified to her. Or she can choose to follow her sense of right and wrong and resign. . What do you think Mary Davis ought to do? Clearly Mary Davis should resign or fold to the demands of her foreman and refrain while employed by Whitewater from expressing her personal views on any liquor related issues. What moral considerations should she weigh? Mary simply needs to weigh what is important to her her work, money, job and family stability or her moral considerations and the possibility that she would need to shift employment in order to not have direct involvement in an industry she believes to be practicing unethical behavior. Does she have conflicting obligations?Mary does have conflicting obligations. If so what are they? They are her obligations to survival, money, job stability, employment, etc. On the other side is her obligation to her conscience and her moral beliefs, particularly the one that is contrary to the produc tion and sale of malt liquor to individuals (specific individuals). 5. Is the company right to be worried about what Mary Davis writes or says, or is the board of directors exaggerating the potential harm to Whitewater of her discussing these issues? The company is whole right to be worried about Mary Davis.There is many a story about David and Goliath where a single individual toppled a business based upon their personal beliefs. 6. Assume a CEO like Ralph Jenkins is legitimately worried that an employee is making damaging statements about the company. How should the CEO handle the situation? My opinion is that the CEO would need to sit with the employee and state the business doctrine as it were. Next would be to ask open ended questions to see if there was an option where both needs could be met satisfactorily without any negative repercussions to either party involved. Is discharge or some sort of discipline called for?Initially, discharge or discipline may not be called for un less policies had been clearly stated beforehand. Should the company adopt a formal policy regarding employee speech? All companies should have formal policies regarding employee speech. Moreover these should be communicated in plain simple language and reiterated yearly to ensure everyone remains cognizant of the policies. If so, what policy would you propose? I recommend a policy that is developed with the individuals at all levels of the business to ensure varied concerns are address and the needs of the business (their viewpoint) is clearly understood.Works Cited Customer, A. Amazon. com Moral Issues in Business (9780495007173) William H. Shaw, Vincent Barry Books. Amazon. com Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs & More. Web. 16 Jan. 2012. . First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 16 Jan. 2012. . Freedom of Speech. Dr. R. Standlers Professional Homepage. Web. 16 Jan. 2012. http//www. rbs2. com/free spch. htm.

Critical Analysis on a Tale of Two Cities

Chelsey Cardwell Dual Credit English 1/3/12 Mr. Burns A Literary Analysis of A history of Two Cities I. Introduction Charles two twelfth novel, A Tale of Two Cities, was written to show all of the levelheaded and evil that was make during the French Revolution. He uses the two main cities, London and Paris, to represent this, and then ties in a whop story with servicemany different symbols of good and evil such as Darnay and cartonful, Madame Defarge and Miss Pross. In his novel, deuce withal shows both sides of the revolution with the peasants and the grandeur.He expresses how they atomic number 18 both evil although the peasants are the people who we would be accustomed to feel pity for. An example of this is when the Marquis runs anyplace a peasant boy in the streets and only fears that his horses might have been hurt. Monsieur Defarge runs to Gaspard (the sky pilot of the child) and says Be brave man, my Gaspard It is better for the poor plaything to last so, than to belong. It has died in a moment without pain. Could it have lived an hour as happily (102)?This is a heart pull quote that allows the reader to understand fitting how atrocious the peasants lives were that is was a relief for a child to die quickly than to live out their deportment as a peasant macrocosm stepped on by the aristocracy. daimon novel, although challenging to some, has a great message of hope and positive variety with an enjoyable depiction of true events during the French Revolution. II. Themes The most obvious theme actualisen throughout the concord is the idea, and assume for transformation.The repetition of the words recalled to feel presents most of the change that occurs. This theme applies to limit Manette, who is recalled to life when Mr. Lorry and Lucie direct him home from prison and cure his unhealthy mind, self-aggrandising him another chance at having a life with his beloved daughter. cartonful is in addition recalled to life, for exampl e he withdraws himself to Lucie as self-flung outside(a), wasted, drunken, poor creature of misuse, and Lucie replies by communicate Carton if she can recall him to a better ways (Overview par 3). Carton sacrifices himself to allow Lucie to be happy.He says It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever through with(p) It is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever cognise (360). At the end of the novel, the cashier describes what Cartons last words would have been. He tells how Carton envisi integrityd Lucie having a son and naming him later on Carton, he says, I see him winning it (his name) so well, that my name is activatede illustrious there by the strike of his. I see blots threw upon it, faded apart (360). He cheats this child allow live the life he should have, and in a way watch to redeem Carton for wasting his own life.Roger Cly is besides seen at heart this theme Clys death and sepulchre as an Old Bailey Spy, complete with an enraged London mob, is a fraud, a means of his escaping England with John Barsard. Cly, too, then, is buried and resurrected (Themes and Construction par 4). Transformation is also transparent throughout France because of the strict, evil aristocracy. The peasants believe dirty will give them the change they want, although it only makes the situation worse. Another important theme within the novel is revenge. daimon creates entire chapters on the Marquis to show how horrid the aristocracy was, and yet he also condemns the peasants for revolting to it. Near the end of the novel, Dickens says, Sow the same seed of rapacious licence and oppression over again, and it will surely yield the same fruit according to its kind (355). This shows his idea that if they continue instruct their generations the same beliefs that they have, a greater change will never be obtained. Another example of the rough people is when the do the Carmagnole around Lucie as she waits for the imprisoned Darnay to h opefully catch a glance of her.The Carmagnole was know as the dance of the revolution that was real wild and grotesque, which was headed by The revenge this showed the deranged, mad actions of the peasants. Revenge is also what drives both sides of the novel (the love story and the revolution). The peasants are constantly trying to revolt against the higher-ups for revenge for their treatment. On the love side, Lucie and Darnay would have lived happily ever after had Madame Defarge not had Darnay charged and sentenced to death for revenge of her off family by Darnays family.Madame Defarges best friends name is even The Vengeance, which shows how vengeful that specific group of peasants really was. Madame Defarge says, Let me but lift my finger She seemed to raise it, and to let it fall with a rattle on the ledge forward her (Lucie), as if the axe had dropped (325). She will not stop and be satisfied with the death of the last member of the family who killed her family she vows to get Lucie also. When she attempts to carry out her promise, she loses her life in a tussle with Miss Pross her incurable desire for revenge brought her own death upon her.Imprisonment is another obvious theme within the novel. Dickens begins his novel with repair Manette world eventually released from his imprisonment. Darnay is also later imprisoned many times, and is eventually sentenced to the fortune of the Guillotine. In a sense, Carton is also imprisoned but it is an immanent conflict within himself rather than a physical imprisonment. He is ultimately set free by giving up his own life so that Darnay and Lucie can live theirs out together. Imprisonment also coincides with the theme of family.The importance of family is implied with the reuniting of Lucie and her long lost father. Doctor Manette was locked away for some time, and he was unable to take his own daughter. When Monsieur Defarge begins to question Lucies father, he answers with a voice that Dickens describ es as lost the life and resonance of the human voice, that it affected the senses like a once beautiful colour faded away into a poor, weak stain (37), and the love and realization of his only family member left is what brings him out of this jinx like state.Lucie marries Darnay and the hope at a long happy family is given, until Darnays life is to be taken. Carton realizes Lucie will only be happy with her family, and he loves her and knows she does not deserve to be without her family again, so he decides to switch places with Darnay. Class is also an evident theme within the novel that is shown mostly within the abandon between the aristocracy and the peasants. The aristocracy is so arrogant, that they have no other care in the area other than themselves.The Monseigneur sees himself so highly that he must have four men to serve him his chocolate, the narrator tells the extent of this by saying, Deep would have been the blot upon his escutcheon if his chocolate had been ignobl y waited on by only three men he must have died of two (96). On the other side, the peasants are so low that when an innocent child is killed in the streets, the aristocracy doesnt care, and the childs father is told to be happy that the child is gone to a better place and doesnt have to live the life they are living (102).III. Symbolism Dickens uses many examples of symbolism throughout his novel, many being quite evident to the reader. When wine is spilled on the streets and all of the peasants rush to it to drink all that they can, a man writes the word blood on the wall, which is exactly what the wine stood for, all the blood that will be spilled in result of the revolution. The owner of the wine shop looks at him and says, What now? Are you a subject for the mad hospital (29)?The owner is calling the peasant wacky for indite it, which makes him a symbol for all the crazy peasants who cause the spill of blood later on in these exact same streets. Blood is also lay outd after the reading of the old letter written by Doctor Manette, the court room is set forth by giving off a sound of craving and eagerness that had nothing articulate in it but blood (317). This exemplifies how everyone wanted the blood shed of Darnay after such evidence was found approach path from Doctor Manette.Symbolism is also used with Dickens decision in use of characters. Madame Defarge and Miss Pross symbolize good and evil, and this is also shown with the families they live within. The two cities referred to in the title of the book, London and Paris are symbolized within Darnay and Carton. Darnay is the civilized London, and Carton being the corrupt Paris. Carton receives a chance at redeeming himself and fashioning everything change for the better, which is exactly what Paris needs, and is what the peasants are all revolting for.He also uses this aspect of good and evil within the opening breezes of the book, It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the a ge of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the time of Light, it was the season of Darkness (1), by beginning the book with these lines, Dickens is foreshadowing all of the dark and light events that will come about during the book. More symbolism within the characters is evident when Carton is awaiting his death and he meets his love match.This was symbolic to him in that he has done the right thing and has redeemed himself of his wasted life. Dickens narrates in the novel that the ones watching Carton die thought him to look sublime and prophetic (359). He was ready and content with his decision. Another example of this is Madame Defarges knitting. Greek Mythology links knitting to vengefulness and fate the goddess (Nemesis) of indignation against evil deeds and undeserved fortune is the category Madame Defarge falls into (Nemesis par. 1).The Golden puff is also a symbol it is referring to Lucie because she we aves herself through peoples lives and brings them into a chance at having a better future (her father, and Carton). The Marquis is a symbol of corrupt France. It appeared, under the circumstances, rather agreeable to him to see the common people dispersed before his horses, and often barely escaping from being run down (101). He obviously enjoys the torment and fear of the peasants and has no sympathy for them at all, which is symbolic of the whole French aristocracys feelings. They viewed the peasants as if they had been mere rats come out of their holes (102).Another very important symbol dealing with the revolution is the Guillotine. All the devouring and insatiate Monsters imagined since imagination could record itself, are fused in the one realization, Guillotine (355). This is how Dickens describes the decollate to show how appalling and evil of a symbol it stood as during this time. The guillotine was also referred to in the novel as the sharp female newly-born (241) showi ng its popular role in the revolution. IV. Irony Dickens uses many different examples of dramatic, verbal, and situational irony to add excitement to his novel.Verbal irony is evident as the book progresses. It is discovered that Jerry Cruncher is not an honest tradesman, but a sneaky resurrection man. He ruins his money plant title by lying to his son about his job and saying that he is only pass fishing. The verbal irony within this is when Jerry is called an honest tradesman (155). Dramatic irony is shown when Carton trades places with Darnay. It is ironic because we know what has happened and no one else is yet aware, and then everyone but Darnays family believes he is really put to death. The Vengeance says, Evermonde will be despatched in a wink, and she not here (357). She, along with everyone else, believes the Evermonde family is about to be finally vanquished. Situational irony occurs when an old letter written by Doctor Manette is brought into Darnays trial, it is a wri tten handbill of how the Evermondes raped and killed a helpless woman and her family which is evidence condemning Darnays name. It is never expected that Doctor Manette could be used against Darnay because he has accomplished so much to help him. And all the worse for the ordain man, that the denouncer was a well-known citizen, his own attached friend, the father of his wife (318).Another example of situational irony is Doctor Manette becoming the father-in-law of a member of the family who almost took his life away from him forever. V. Characterization Dickens depicts his characters well, and spends line upon line describing them to allow the reader to gather the image he wants them to see. Sydney Carton is the most dynamic, and the author shows this by writing how his thoughts clear and he decides to trade places with Darnay out of his love for Lucie and want for her to keep her family together that she so strongly needs after her growing up an orphan.Doctor Manette is shown as a man of mystery in the beginning of the story, every human creature is constituted to be that profound secret and mystery to every other (10). He is a mystery to Lucie and Mr. Lorry, and then Dickens brings him out of his shell by giving him a relationship with Lucie. With the characters Carton and Doctor Manette, the author shows us how vital relationships are, and how they can affect a person and their actions. Dickens doesnt characterize Lucie and Darnay very much, but in a sense he has no need to because the other characters control their fate.Dickens chose Madame Defarge to depict the revolution and it is her vengeful attitude is what brings her to her death, when she goes after Lucie and is shot during a fight with Mrs. Pross (352). VI. Point of View Dickens wrote A Tale of Two Cities in third person omniscient, and he reveals thoughts, emotions, and reasons for each characters actions along with historical text which adds much spice to the novel. By choosing to write in thi rd person omniscient he keeps established, clear motives and does not keep the source in the dark about anything which keeps them itching to read further.This also adds much effect on the book when Carton surprisingly buys drugs and exchanges places with Darnay. VII. Conclusion A Tale of Two Cities is a novel that has thrived throughout the years, and is so appealing because it is a mixture of true historical events entwined within a love story. Dickens was a very talented writer, but it is best for a reader to do prior research before they engulf in the task of reading the novel because Dickens uses so many words to describe one person, place, or thing which makes it difficult for many readers to keep their mind within the book.For example, in the very first chapter of the book, Dickens uses two and a half pages just to tell about France and England rather just coming out with what was going on at the time. Works Cited Atsma, Aaron J. NEMESIS Greek Goddess of Retribution & fretf ulness Mythology, W/ Pictures. THEOI GREEK MYTHOLOGY, Exploring Mythology & the Greek Gods in Classical Literature & Art. Theoi Project, 13 Oct. 2000. Web. 27 Dec. 2011. . Dickens, Charles. A Tale of Two Cities. 1859. Upper Saddle River, NJ. Prentice Hall, 2005. Print.